Perception of thermal comfort by users of urban green areas in Lisbon

Abstract

Green urban areas are a potential touristic attraction, providing opportunities for recreation and social interaction. In this study, two green areas in Lisbon were selected to investigate their influence on the thermal environment in and outside them and to analyse the usage of these parks in view of the perception of thermal comfort, the preferences and personal characteristics of the visitors. Measurements of temperature and relative humidity were carried out for several successive weeks in summer and in winter, in different locations around and inside the green areas. Temperature differences between the green spaces and the surrounding areas were greater in hotter conditions and reached up to 7°C difference at certain times on particular days. This cooling effect provided by green areas has a potential role in mitigating climate change impacts. In order to analyse the perception of thermal comfort and users' preferences, face-to-face interviews were carried out simultaneously with measurements of weather parameters. In summer, a positive correlation between the measured values of temperature and relative humidity with people's perception was observed. A significant association between individual's characteristics and type of usage of the parks was also revealed, particularly related to age and gender. Understanding the relationship between weather parameters, people's perception and visitors' preferences is paramount to create green areas more attractive and beneficial for the urban environment.