Infection in the Post-Caesarean Section Surgical Wound in the Obstetric Gynecology Service

Abstract

Surgical resolution of obstetric events through cesarean section represents one of the most commonly performed surgical procedures worldwide and at the same time it has contributed to reduce maternal and perinatal mortality. However, it hasincreased the potential risks of the surgical site infections due to the colonization of microorganism. A descriptive and cross-sectional study was conductedin the Gen eral Teaching Hospital "Dr. Agostinho Neto" from June 2016 to June 2017 to characterize from epidemiology and microbiology point of view 38 patients who suffered from surgical site infections after undergoing a caesarean section. Wound swabsfor bacteriology cultures were collected from patients, resulting all of the specimens positive. The variables to be studied were age, risk factors, nature of the surgery, isolated microorganisms and patterns of antimicrobial resistance. The statistical data were analyzed using the Stadistics Program for Social Sciencs version 11.5 and they were summarized with the absolute frequencies and the percentage in two-dimensional tables. Post partum women from 21 to 26 years old who had anemia as a risk factor and who had undergone emergency cesarean sections predominated. The most common isolated microorganisms were Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Enterobacter, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii. A clear multi-resistance to antimicrobials was obtained. It was concluded that modifiable, avoidable and controllable risk factors as well as the identification of bacterium with patterns of multi-resistance to antimicrobials must be under strict and permanent epidemiology and microbiology surveillance.