Analysis of Hydroquinone and Mercury in Whitening Cream Using UV-Vis Spectrophotometry and ICP-OES

  • Priatni H
  • Marini M
  • Nurhayatina R
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Abstract

Whitening creams contain active substances that inhibit melanin formation. Hydroquinone and mercury are often added due to their effectiveness in reducing melanin and providing quick skin smoothing. This study aims to determine the levels of hydroquinone and mercury in whitening creams using UV-Vis spectrophotometry. A random sampling from cosmetic stores in Kuningan yielded 9 whitening cream samples. The experimental method included sample collection, standard solutions preparation, calibration curve construction, and qualitative tests for hydroquinone and mercury. FeCl3 was used for hydroquinone, and potassium iodide (KI) color test for mercury, with ICP-OES and UV-Vis Spectrophotometry for quantitative analysis. Qualitative KI testing showed that 6 out of 9 samples (A, B, C, D, F, I) contained mercury. FeCl3 testing found hydroquinone in 3 samples (D, E, G). UV-Vis Spectrophotometry identified hydroquinone in 8 samples (A, B, C, D, E, F, H, I) exceeding 0.02%, with concentrations ranging from 0.0809% to 3.5875%. Sample G had 0.0134%. ICP-OES testing revealed mercury content from -0.0071 to -0.6018 mg/L in samples A-H, less than 0.0001% in mg/Kg, but sample I had a high mercury content of 138.4844 mg/L.  Krim pemutih mengandung zat aktif yang menghambat pembentukan melanin. Hidrokuinon dan merkuri sering ditambahkan karena efektivitasnya dalam mengurangi melanin dan memberikan efek kulit halus secara cepat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kadar hidrokuinon dan merkuri dalam krim pemutih menggunakan spektrofotometri Uv-Vis. Pengambilan sampel secara acak dari toko kosmetik di Kuningan menghasilkan 9 sampel krim pemutih. Metode eksperimen mencakup pengumpulan sampel, pembuatan larutan standar, pembuatan kurva kalibrasi, serta uji kualitatif untuk hidrokuinon dan merkuri. FeCl₃ digunakan untuk uji hidrokuinon, dan uji warna KI untuk merkuri, dengan analisis kuantitatif menggunakan ICP-OES dan Spektrofotometri UV-Vis. Hasil uji kualitatif dengan KI menunjukkan bahwa 6 dari 9 sampel (A, B, C, D, F, I) mengandung merkuri. Uji FeCl₃ menunjukkan adanya hidrokuinon pada 3 sampel (D, E, G). Spektrofotometri UV-Vis mendeteksi hidrokuinon pada 8 sampel (A, B, C, D, E, F, H, I) dengan kadar melebihi 0,02%, berkisar antara 0,0809% hingga 3,5875%. Sampel G mengandung 0,0134%. Uji ICP-OES menunjukkan kandungan merkuri pada sampel A–H berkisar antara -0,0071 hingga -0,6018 mg/L, atau kurang dari 0,0001% dalam mg/Kg, namun sampel I menunjukkan kandungan merkuri tinggi sebesar 138,4844 mg/L.

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APA

Priatni, H. L., Marini, M., & Nurhayatina, R. (2025). Analysis of Hydroquinone and Mercury in Whitening Cream Using UV-Vis Spectrophotometry and ICP-OES. JURNAL ILMIAH FARMASI SIMPLISIA, 5(1), 66–73. https://doi.org/10.30867/jifs.v5i1.846

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