Selection of lead-free piezoelectric ceramics

Abstract

Lead-free piezoelectric ceramics are extensively investigated for the alternatives of lead-based piezoceramics. (K,Na)NbO3 (KNN), (Bi0.5Na0.5)TiO3 (BNT), and (Bi0.5K0.5)TiO3 (BKT)-based ceramics are reported as promising piezoelectric material families. Several researchers have reported solid solution of these ceramics using various chemical and physical routes. In this study, we have rank these materials using multiple attribute decision making techniques. KNN-LT-LS and 0.7BNT-0.2BKT- 0.1(Bi0.5Li0.5)TiO3 are found to be top rank in all the materials of respective families under study. We have also reported Pareto-optimal (nondominated) lead-free piezoelectric ceramics for d33 and Tc parameters.