Spatial analysis of rabies cases in dogs in Bali Province, Indonesia

Abstract

Bali Province contracted rabies at the end of 2008. The first case of rabies in the province occurred in Badung District and then spread to other areas until all areas of the province were infected with rabies.. The study aimed to analyze the pattern of spatial occurrence of rabies cases in dogs in Bali Province. Data of dog rabies cases was obtained from the surveillance conducted by the Denpasar Veterinary Disease Investigation Center in 2012-2018. The data analysis was carried out using autocorrelation of Morans Index. The results show that rabies cases in a region affected adjacent areas. Spatial correlation produces hotspot (high case areas surrounded by low case areas), coldspots (low case areas surrounded by high case areas), quadrant I (high case areas surrounded by high case areas), and quadrant III (low case area surrounded by low case areas) areas. Nine sub-districts are recurrent hotspot areas and the potential of the areas as source of rabies spread need to be observed. Otherwise, 19 sub-districts are known to be recurrent coldspot areas that have a high potential as area susceptible to rabies transmission. Areas included in quadrant I are dominated by sub-districts in Karangasem, Buleleng, Jembrana, and Bangli District. Sub-district included quadrant III increased subdistricts in number over the past two years, showing progress in implementing control and prevention of rabies in dogs in Bali Province.