Advanced Physiotherapy Intervention for Muscular Dystrophy

Abstract

Muscular dystrophies are rare neuromuscular conditions which are genetically and clinically diverse that cause gradual, progressive weakness and breakdown of skeletal muscles over time. Gene mutations, typically in those involved in producing muscle proteins, are the primary cause of muscular dystrophy. Based on these gene mutations and proteins involved a wide variety of muscular dystrophies have been identified. The primary muscles affected, the level of weakness, the rate at which symptoms increase, and the onset of symptoms vary among different muscular dystrophies. Some forms are linked to issues with other organ systems. The kind of muscular dystrophy will be ascertained through a physical examination, medical history, and other diagnostic techniques. Currently, there is no cure for muscular dystrophy. Multidisciplinary management plays a vital role in increasing life expectancy and improving the quality of life. Physical therapy as a part of supportive care management can help muscular dystrophy patients in various ways. It can help in maintaining joint range of motion, flexibility, and overall fitness. It helps in maintaining muscle strength, improving range of motion, and reducing pain. In this chapter, we will present the advanced physiotherapeutic interventions helpful for subjects with muscular dystrophies, based on the evidence available in the literature.