TOXICITY TEST OF VANAME SHRIMP (Litopenaeus vannamei) SKIN CHITOSAN USING BRINE SHRIMP LETHALITY TEST (BSLT) METHOD

Abstract

Chitosan is a chitin derivative found in the outer skin of crustaceans such as shrimp and crabs. Chitosan can be used in industry, especially in the pharmaceutical sector, and can also be used to preserve food and fruit. The goal of this research was to employ the BSLT method to determine and measure the quantity of toxicity in chitosan, as well as to analyze the results using probit analysis. This study concerns the extraction of chitin and chitosan: deproteination with NaOH 3.5%, demineralization with 1.5 M HCl, depigmentation with NaOCl 0.315%, and deacetylation with NaOH 60%, specifically, chitin to chitosan transformation, chitosan characterization, FTIR, and toxicity tests. Chitosan was tested using the BSLT method with five test solution concentrations, namely 100, 250, 500, 750, and 1000 g/ml, by calculating the amount of Artemia salina L. larval deaths and obtaining lethal concentration (LC50) data. The vannamei shrimp shell chitosan revealed a 58% degree of deacetylation. The toxicity testing demonstrated that chitosan was not harmful to Artemia salina L, as shown by an LC50 value greater than 1000 µg/ml. Chitosan from Vannamei shrimp has a concentration of 4897.79 µg/ml and is not harmful.