Flow visualization measurement for shear velocity distribution in the impeller-casing gap of a centrifugal blood pump

Abstract

A flow visualization study of a centrifugal blood pump was conducted to find the shear and velocity profiles in the back gap between the impeller and the casing. For a wide range of Reynolds numbers and specific speeds, it was found that high shear exists only in the boundary layers of the moving and stationary walls. The velocity profile was essentially laminar. It was also found that the total thickness of the high shear regions is 0.3 - 0.6 mm for conditions of artificial heart and the thickness is determined only by Reynolds number. Hence, it can be concluded that reducing the impeller velocity is the only way to reduce wall shear stress and that increasing the gap width is not effective.