The telecommunications sector and digitization programs in México, 1990-2020

Abstract

This article identifies three stages in the evolution of the telecommunications sector in Mexico, which took place between 1990 and 2020. These changes were concentrated in the institutional framework, and their effect was manifested in digitalization projects related to the convergence of information and communication technologies. Initially, we construct a theoretical framework and apply it in a longitudinal study that allows us to illustrate the modest progress of digitalization programs and digital transformation in Mexico, which is echoed in international reports. Subsequently, we discuss the contradictions in the State's vision regarding the institutional and regulatory framework of the sector. This largely explains the lack of progress in digitalization programs, suggesting the need for a new generation of reforms to promote digital development from the sphere of the State.