A Semi-Micro Extraction Spectrophotometric Determination of Iron Using 4-Nitrocatechol and Xylometazoline Hydrochloride

Abstract

A chromogenic solvent extraction system for Fe(III) based on 4-nitrocatechol (4NC) and xylometazoline hydrochloride (XMH) was investigated. The optimum conditions for extraction spectrophotometric determination of iron were found. Under these conditions, the formula of the extracted complex was (XMH+)3[Fe(4NC)3] and the apparent molar absorption coefficient at λmax = 464 nm was 1.9 × 105 dm3 mol−1 cm−1 (4-fold enrichment). To validate the aforementioned formula and gather information about the spin state of the central Fe(III) ion, a combined experimental-theoretical approach was employed. This approach entailed the experimental determination of the 4NC:Fe and XMH:Fe molar ratios and the optimization of potential color-bearing structures utilizing the B3LYP/6-311G computational chemistry method. The effect of foreign ions was thoroughly examined, and a sensitive, simple, and inexpensive analytical procedure was proposed, which was successfully applied for determining iron in pharmaceutical and industrial samples.