Overview and Perspective of Neuroscience on Lie and Deception from a Viewpoint of Lie Detection

Abstract

Lying is a complex cognitive process involving cognitive-emotional interactions, and exhibits features consistent with the use of the•ehigher•for•eexecutive•fcenters of the brain43). While the lie detector relies on the peripheral response and has brought very little insight into the neural mechanism of lying, functional neuroimaging techniques (especially functional magnetic resonance imaging) have recently been used to clarify the brain mechanisms for lying. These techniques have enabled to clarify the functional contributions of the prefrontal cortex during lying, however, its precise anatomy and accurate detection of deception await elucidation. •@ 1.•@ ‚Í ‚ ¶ ‚ß ‚É •@ ‰R •E‚¾ ‚Ü ‚µ ‚Í • ¶ •¨ Šw,•S-• Šw,ŽÐ ‰ï Šw,•¸ •_ ˆã Šw,"AE •ß Šw ‚È ‚Ç,'½ Šò ‚É ‚í ‚½ ‚é Šw-â-Ì ˆae ‚É ‚¨‚¢‚¨‚¢ ‚Ä Žae ‚è •ã ‚° ‚ç ‚ê ‚é ƒe •[ ƒ} ‚Å ‚ ‚è,-l •X ‚È ŠÏ "_ ‚© ‚ç OE¤ ‹ † ‚ª •s ‚í ‚ê ‚Ä ‚« ‚½ •B "AE •ß Šw ‚Ì •ª-ì ‚Å ‚Í,‹• ‹U OEŸ •o-¦ ‚ð •‚ ‚ß ‚é ‚½ ‚ß ‚Ì ‚ae ‚è-Ç‚¢ OEŸ •o-@ ‚Ì ŠJ "-‚Ì ‚½ ‚ß OE¤ ‹ † ‚ª •i ‚ß ‚ç ‚ê ‚Ä ‚¨‚肨‚è,‚Ü ‚½ •¸ •_ ˆã Šw ‚Ì-Ì ˆae ‚Å ‚Í,‹• ‹U •« •á ŠQ ‚â •¼ •a ‚Ì •f 'f ‚É ‚¨ ‚¢ ‚Ä,•g 'Ì "I •E•S-• "I •Ç •ó ‚ª Š³ ŽÒ ‚É ‚ae ‚Á ‚ÄˆÓ‚ÄˆÓ •} "I ‚É •ì ‚è •o ‚³ ‚ê ‚Ä ‚¢ ‚é ‚© "Û ‚© ‚Ì "» 'f ‚Ì ‚½ ‚ß ‚É,•• •Õ •« ‚AE "Á ˆÙ •« ‚ð Ž• ‚¿ • ‡ ‚í ‚¹ ‚½ ‹q ŠÏ "I Žw •W ‚ª ‹• ‚ß ‚ç ‚ê ‚Ä ‚¢ ‚é •B •@ ‹• ‹U OEŸ •o ‚Ì ŠÏ "_ ‚© ‚ç ‰R •E ‚¾ ‚Ü ‚µ ‚Ì •_ OEo ‰ÈŠw "I OE¤ ‹ † ‚ð ŠT ŠÏ ‚· ‚é ‚AE,‰R ‚É "º ‚¤ •î "® •Ï ‰» ‚É '…-Ú ‚µ ‚½ •î "®-v ˆö ‚É Šî ‚à ‚-‚à ‚Ì ‚© ‚ç,‰R •E ‚¾ ‚Ü ‚µ ‚ð ‚ ‚é Ží ‚Ì •î •ñ •ˆ-• ‰ß 'ö ‚AE •l ‚¦ ‚é "F 'm-v ˆö ‚Ö ‚AE ‹• ‹U OEŸ •o ‚Ì-• ˜_ ‚ªˆÚ‚ªˆÚ •s ‚µ ‚Ä ‚« ‚½ ‚± ‚AE ‚ª ‚í ‚© ‚é •B ‚» ‚ê ‚É "º ‚¢,‹• ‹U OEŸ •o ‚Ì ‚½ ‚ß ‚Ì • ¶-• Žw •W ‚à-•½ •_ OEo OEn Šˆ"Šˆ"® ‚© ‚ç ' † •• •_ OEo OEn Šˆ"Šˆ"® ‚Ö ‚AE •Ï ‰» ‚µ ‚½ •B ‚± ‚± •" "N ŠÔ,‰R ‚â ‚¾ ‚Ü ‚µ ‚É ŠÖ ‚· ‚é "] ‰È Šw OE¤ ‹ † ‚ª •¸-Í "I ‚É•s ‚í ‚ê ‚Ä‚¨‚è‚Ä‚¨‚è,•g ‰R ‚ð ‚‚¢ ‚Ä‚¢ ‚é•h Žž‚Ì "] "à ƒ• ƒJ ƒj ƒY ƒ€‰ð-¾‚Ì OE¤ ‹ † ‚ª •i ‚ß ‚ç‚ê ‚Ä‚¢ ‚é •B"Á‚É•Ä•' ‚Å‚Í,ƒe ƒ• 'Î •ô ‚Ì ‚½‚ß,•]-ˆ‚Ì ƒ| ƒŠƒOƒ‰ ƒt ‚É'ã ‚í ‚é •V ‚µ‚¢ ‹• ‹UOEŸ •o ‹Z •p ‚AE‚µ‚Ä‹@"\ "I Ž¥‹C‹¤-‰ae 'oe(functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging: fMRI)‚É 'å ‚« ‚ÈŠú'Ò‚ª Šñ‚¹ ‚ç ‚ê3),‚· ‚Å ‚ÉfMRI‚É ‚ae ‚é ‹• ‹UOEŸ •o ‹AE-± ‚ð •¿ ‚¯ •‰‚¤ ‰ï ŽÐ(No Lie MRI, Inc., Cephos Corp.)‚ª •Ý-§‚³ ‚ê ‚Ä ‚¢ ‚é •ó ‹µ ‚Å‚ ‚é •B ‚± ‚ê ‚ÉŠÖ‚µ‚Ä‚Í,Žž Šú•®'• ‚AE ‚Ì OE© ‰ð ‚ª ‹-‚-,‹Z •p "I-â'è ‚Ì ‚Ý‚È ‚炸-‚炸-Ï-•"I-â'è ‚ÉŠÖ‚µ‚Ä‚à ‹c˜_‹c˜_ ‚ð OEÄ ‚ñ ‚Å‚¢ ‚é1.2)•B •@-{ •e ‚Å‚Í,•]-ˆ ‚Ì-•½•_ OEoOEn‚Ì • ¶-•"I Žw•W‚ð-p ‚¢ ‚½ ‹• ‹UOEŸ •o ‚Ì OE¤ ‹ † ‚ð ŠTŠÏ ‚µ,fMRI‚ª ‹• ‹UOEŸ •o ‚Ì Žw•W‚AE ‚µ‚Ä'•-Ú‚³ ‚ê ‚é ‚ÉŽŠ‚Á‚½OEôÜ ‚ð-¾‚ç ‚©‚É ‚µ,OE» Žž"_ ‚Å ‚Ì 'mOE© ‚ð ‚Ü‚AE‚ß ‚é ‚AE‚AE‚à ‚É,•¡ OEã‚Ì ‰R•E‚¾‚Ü‚µ‚Ì "] ‰È Šw‚É‚¨‚¯Šw‚É‚¨‚¯ ‚é ‰Û 'è ‚ð•l Ž@ ‚· ‚é •B •@2.•@ ‰R•E‚¾‚Ü ‚µ ‚AE‚Í •@ •u ‰R ‚ð ‚ ‚-•v •u‚¾‚Ü‚· •v ‚AE ‚¢ ‚¤•s "®‚Í,•‚ ŽŸ‚Ì "F 'm‰ß 'ö ‚ð•K-v‚AE ‚· ‚é ‚ª,•l ŠÔ"Á-L ‚Ì ‚à‚Ì ‚Å‚Í ‚È ‚-,"® •¨ ŠE ‚É ‚à' ¶ •Ý ‚µ26),ŽÐ ‰ï "I "®•¨ ‚É ‚AE‚Á‚Ä•d-v‚È•s "®-l Ž®‚Ì ‚ЂAE ‚‚ł ‚é •B-á ‚¦ ‚Î,ƒA ƒJ ƒQƒUƒ‹ ‚Ì ƒt ƒB•[ ƒ‹ ƒhOE¤‹ † ‚É‚¨‚¢‚É‚¨‚¢ ‚ÄŠÏ Ž@‚³ ‚ê ‚½,‰a ‚ð "-OE© ‚µ ‚½Žž‚É‚» ‚Ì ‚± ‚AE‚ðˆê 93