Improvement of nutrient absorption may enhance systemic oxidative stress in cystic fibrosis patients

Abstract

Background: The life expectancy of patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) is largely dependent on the pulmonary disease severity and progress. Malnutrition may be an important complicating factor in active and chronic lung disease. Aims: The focus of this study was to investigate several inflammatory markers in pancreatic-insufficient CF patients with different enzyme treatment regimens. Methods: CF patients with pancreatic insufficiency were examined at a time of symptomatic exacerbation of their lung disease. Group A (n = 11) regularly received microspheric enzymes. Group B (n = 8) were treated with enzymes during the hospitalization period only and demonstrated the presence of malnutrition. Inflammatory markers in the sputa (neutrophil elastase activity, interleukin-8 and tumour necrosis factor-α levels) and in the peripheral blood (plasma malondialdehyde (MDA), lymphocyte response to PHA, and the cell sensitivity to steroid suppression) have been investigated. Results: During acute lung exacerbation, group B demonstrated reduced levels of lymphocyte proliferation. This parameter was normalized after combined antibiotic and pancreatic enzyme therapy. Simultaneously, plasma MDA in group B markedly increased following treatment. For this group, a significant positive linear association between values of plasma MDA and lymphocyte proliferation has been observed. For group A, neither the same correlation nor changes in MDA levels and lymphocyte proliferation have been found. Conclusions: Our data indicate that acute lung exacerbation in malnourished CF patients may be associated with alteration in T-lymphocyte activity. Adequate therapy normalizes lymphocyte function but results in systemic oxidative stress.