Experimental exposure of rainbow trout eggs to water mould, Saprolegnia parasitica (Oomycota): intraspecific differences in pathogenicity

Abstract

In in vivo infection trials, rainbow trout eyed eggs were exposed to three Saprolegnia parasitica (Oomycota) isolates, which differed in biological and genetic characteristics. Infection prevalence, hatching rate, hatching dynamics of fish eggs were quantified, and the study was complemented with histopathology and phylogenetic analyses. We experimentally detected intraspecific differences in the pathogenicity of S. parasitica on rainbow trout eggs. The isolate from rainbow trout eggs was the most virulent to eggs of the same host, whereas isolates from carp skin and fry did not cause as much damage to the eggs. Comparing the outcome of two experimental settings, we confirmed that invasion of fish eggs is more effective by hyphae growth than by the actively moving zoospores. In addition, our findings highlighted that S. parasitica isolates with 100% identical ITS DNA sequences, could differ significantly in virulence. These isolates can be clearly distinguished based on a 650-bp DNA fragment of the DNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit (RPB2) gene.