Factors affecting patient safety culture in the nursing section of a type C private hospital in Surakarta using structural equation modeling

Abstract

Introduction: Patient safety culture is a high-quality health service that must be owned by all hospital staff, specifically for type C private hospitals. Therefore, this research selected seven factors influencing patient safety culture and made operational definitions based on references from preliminary research. The indicators used refer to Patient Safety Management Activities (PSMA) based on the International Patient Safety Goals (IPSG) principles regulated by the Minister of Health Regulation 11 of 2017. This research aims to identify hospital elements related to implementing a patient safety culture. It includes individuals, working conditions, work environment, management, awareness related to safety, safety culture, and PSMA. Methods: Data were collected from 215 respondents through independent questionnaires distributed online to two type C private hospitals in Surakarta City, where 160 nurses work in in-patient rooms and 55 nurses in the Emergency Room (ER). Data collected were analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM), such as SmartPLS 3.0, to determine the relationship between seven factors: individual, working conditions, work environment, management, safety awareness, culture, and PSMA. Result: SEM test results in Factors affecting PSMA on the SEM test with a p-significant value of 0.05. A significant direct positive effect on PSMA is the factor of safety culture and work environment. Meanwhile, the indirect significant positive influence on PSMA comprises individual conditions, management, and safety-related awareness factors through safety culture factors. The process of not having a significant direct effect on PSMA is working conditions and safety-related awareness factors. Conclusion: The involvement of all parties with active roles in every healthcare system is expected to increase a safety culture which can then influence the increase in PSMA.