Role of Continuous Glucose Monitoring in Insulin-Requiring Patients with Diabetes

Abstract

CGM is a representative case study in patient engagement and participatory medicine. It illustrates how technological developments and patient advocacy can combine to produce a breakthrough option for millions of people who depend on insulin. It enables patients to make better-informed decisions regarding diet, exercise, and insulin dose adjustments, improves the quality of glycemic control, reduces exposure to hyper- and hypoglycemia, and facilitates attainment of lower target A1C and average glucose levels. CGM use allows for fewer SMBG tests and improves the QoL, regardless of insulin delivery method. When shared with other individuals, the information provided by CGM systems contributes to active and collaborative decision-making. Thanks to recent improvements in algorithms and devices and to the large and growing evidence base in its favor, CGM adoption is increasing. Until a perfect risk-free insulin53 or a viable strategy for pancreatic beta-cell replacement is found, CGM will remain an essential technology and should be viewed as a first-line option and the standard of care in treating type 1 and insulin-requiring type 2 diabetes.