Multi-User Cooperative Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access Scheme with Hybrid Full/Half-Duplex User-Assisted Relaying

Abstract

This paper has investigated a downlink non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) cooperative scheme with user-assisted relaying, where near users are viewed as decode-and-forward (DF) relays operating full/half-duplex mode to assist multiple far users. Especially, the impact for the randomness of users location on the system performance has also been studied. Further, to overcome the zero diversity gain inherent to full-duplex (FD) operation, the direct link between a base station (BS) and each far user is exploited. The comprehensive performance analysis is conducted through the closed-form expressions in terms of outage probability, the diversity gain, system throughput, and ergodic sum rate. With respect to outage behavior, throughput, and ergodic sum rate, FD-based NOMA outperforms half-duplex (HD) NOMA in the lower signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) region. However, with the negative influence brought by residual loop-interference (LI), the advantage of FD NOMA scheme is not pronounced enough in the high SNR regime. Therefore, according to different SNR levels, we further propose a hybrid relaying scheme that switches opportunistically between the FD and HD modes. Afterward, the mode switching threshold is characterized such that the outage probability of each user is minimized. The simulation results confirm the correctness of our analysis and offer a significant guideline for system design in practice.