Dynamics of flower production and flower oil components from two accessions of Cananga ( Cananga odorata) in dry season

Abstract

Cananga flowers are a type of flower that produces economically important essential oils. Flower production and the chemical components of flower oil are influenced by the type of Cananga, flower harvest criteria, and growing environmental conditions. This research aims to analysis the production patterns of Cananga flowers and the components of their essential oils at the several harvest criteria in the dry season. The research consisted of two factors, namely Cananga accession and flower harvest criteria. The types of Cananga used were Cipanas and Kediri accessions, while the flower harvest criteria consisted of initial flowering, 25% full flowering, 50% full flowering, 75% full flowering and end flowering. The parameters observed were the number of flowers, flower production per plant and the essential oil profile of the flowers. The results showed that the Kediri accession had significantly higher production and number of flowers per plant than the Cipanas accession. Harvesting Cananga flowers at the 25% and 50% full bloom phases produces the highest production. There are 28 compounds of Cananga essential oil were detected with varying abundance. The most types of compounds found in the essential oil of the Kediri accession Cananga flowers are linalool, caryophyllene, β-Copaene, benzyl benzoate, respectively. Meanwhile, the highest number of compounds detected in Cipanas accession flower oil were linalool, caryophyllene, α-Bergamotene, β-Copaene, trans-farnesol and benzyl benzoate.