Stimuli-responsive switchable halide perovskites: Taking advantage of instability

Abstract

Halide perovskites have recently shown potential as stimuli-responsive materials (SRMs) for a range of important technologies such as smart windows, memory devices, data storage, and sensors. Here, we overview these emerging SRMs that are based on halide perovskite systems of switchable optical and electrical properties as well as discuss their switching characteristics and practical applications. We summarize the reversible chemical and structural transformations of these materials and categorize them by their switching mechanisms. Furthermore, to guide the community's search for new designs of stimuli-responsive halide perovskites, we outline several important criteria for effective switchable materials. Finally, we provide our perspective on the current challenges and future developments of these emerging materials.