Women and Ecofeminism: A Phenomenological Study of Female Batik Artisans in the Coastal Area of Telaga Biru Village, Tanjung Bumi District, Bangkalan Regency, Madura

Abstract

This study explores the practices and meanings of ecofeminism in the village of Telaga Biru. Ecofeminism in Madura has its unique characteristics. The coastal conditions in Telaga Biru reflect a marine-centric environment, differing from ecofeminism in other regions. The socio-cultural and religious context of Bangkalan, characterized by traditional Islam, also shapes the ecofeminism practices in this area. Notably, the ecofeminism movement here is driven by female batik artisans, as Telaga Biru is a tourist village known for its batik industry, which women predominantly lead. This study investigates two main issues: the practices and meanings of ecofeminism using a qualitative method and a gender perspective. The research subjects are 300 female batik artisans, with a focused sample of 20 informants. Guided by Vandana Shiva's ecofeminism theory and Alfred Schutz's phenomenology theory, the findings reveal that the batik artisans engage in ecofeminism practices. They serve as the frontline of environmental conservation along the coast, interpreting their actions as adherence to Islamic teachings to protect nature. Beyond religious doctrine, they also aim to avoid bad karma associated with environmental harm. Their efforts span generations despite limited support from the local government.