Salt Stress-Induced Anthocyanin Biosynthesis Genes andMATETransporter Involved in Anthocyanin Accumulation inDaucus carotaCell Culture

Abstract

Anthocyanins biosynthesis is a well-studied biosynthesis pathway inDaucus carota. However, the scale-up production at the bioreactor level and transporter involved in accumulation is poorly understood. To increase anthocyanin content and elucidate the molecular mechanism involved in accumulation, we examinedD. carotacell culture in flask and bioreactor for 18 days under salt stress (20.0 mM NH4NO3/37.6 mM KNO3) at 3 day intervals. The expression of anthocyanin biosynthesis and putativeMATE(multidrug and toxic compound extrusion) transporter expression was analyzed by qRT-PCR. It was observed that there was a significant enhancement of anthocyanin in the bioreactor compared to the control culture. A correlation was observed between the expression ofMATEand the anthocyanin biosynthesis genes (CHS,C4H,LDOX, andUFGT) on the 9th day in a bioreactor, where maximum anthocyanin accumulation and expression was detected. We hypothesize the involvement ofMATEin transporting anthocyanin to tonoplast inD. carotaculture under salt stress.