Increased tissue levels of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids prevents pathological preterm birth

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Abstract

Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) have anti-inflammatory effects. Preterm birth is an important problem in modern obstetrics and one of the main causes is an inflammation. We here showed that abundance of omega-3 fatty acids reduced the incidence of preterm birth induced by LPS with fat-1 mice, capable of converting omega-6 to omega-3 fatty acids. We also indicated that the gene expression of IL-6 and IL-1β in uteruses and the number of cervical infiltrating macrophages were reduced in fat-1 mice. The analyses of lipid metabolomics showed the high level of 18- hydroxyeicosapentaenoate in fat-1 mice, which was derived from EPA and was metabolized to anti-inflammatory product named resolvin E3 (RvE3). We finally showed that the administration of RvE3 to LPS-exposed pregnant wild type mice lowered the incidence of preterm birth. Our data suggest that RvE3 could be a potential new therapeutic for the prevention of preterm birth.

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Yamashita, A., Kawana, K., Tomio, K., Taguchi, A., Isobe, Y., Iwamoto, R., … Fujii, T. (2013). Increased tissue levels of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids prevents pathological preterm birth. Scientific Reports, 3. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep03113

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