Health behavior model based on transcultural nursing for preventing cardiovascular complications in hypertension patients in the community

Abstract

Background. Hypertension is a silent killer which, if not treated properly, can result in cardiovascular complications, including lethal events. Many efforts have been made, but the behavior of hypertensive patients to prevent cardiovascular complications in society continues to be a challenge. Objective. This study aims to develop a health behavior framework model based on transcultural nursing for preventing cardiovascular complications in hypertensive patients in the community. Method. This is a cross-sectional study. A total of 130 respondents who met the inclusion criteria were involved in this research. The development model is proposed with seven variables, namely patient factors, cultural factors, health services factors, maintenance, negotiation, restructuring, and prevention of cardiovascular complications. Data was collected using a questionnaire that had been tested for validity and reliability. Data analysis was carried out using the Structural Equation Modeling - Partial Least Square (SEM-PLS) technique. Results. Based on the R-Sqaure test, it was found that patient factors, cultural factors and health service factors contributed 50,4% to maintenance, 34,7% to negotiation, 23,3% to restructuring. Furthermore, maintenance, negotiation, and restructuring contributed 58,7% to prevention of cardiovascular complications in hypertensive patients in the community. The results of the Q2 predictive relevance test (Q-Square) found that the Q2 predictive relevance value was > 0. Conclusion. Patient factors, cultural factors, and health service factors influence hypertensive patients to perform maintenance, negotiation, and restructuring in implementing preventive cardiovascular measures in the community. The health behavior model that was successfully built in this study has a good predictive relevance value, meaning that this model is relevant and promising to be applied in overcoming the problems of hypertensive patients in carrying out preventive measures for cardiovascular complications in the community.