The evaluation of some biomarkers according to rheumatoid factor in early diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis patients in Baghdad city

Abstract

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease that primarily affects small joints and leads to chronic inflammation in the synovial fluid. The aim of this study was to identify the relationships between early diagnosis of RA with some serological markers, namely the antibodies to citrullinated protein/peptide antigens (ACPAs), anti-mutated citrullinated vimentin (anti-MCV), anti-carbamylated protein (Anti-Carp), anti- heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins (anti-hnRNP) and Glucose-6-phosphate isomerase (GPI) .This study involved 60 newly diagnosis RA patients (mean age 46.80±11.96) who were divided into two subgroups (30 RF positive and 30 RF negative) and 30 subjects as healthy control (mean age 43.6±14.15). The serological data of serum concentrations of ACPAs, Anti-MCV, Anti-Carp, Anti-hnRNP, and G6PI were estimated by ELISA method, whereas RF was estimated by latex agglutination method. The results revealed that ACPAs, Anti-MCV, Anti-Carp, Anti-hnRNP, and G6PI have significantly higher mean±SD titers among the refractory RA patients in comparison with the control group. Also, the effective distinguishing of RA patients as RF+ve and RF-ve showed different sensitivity and specificity values of ACPAs (90.8%, 94.1%, and 88.2%, 86.6%); anti-MCV (66.7%, 33.0% and 70.0%, 70.2%); anti-CarP (76.7%, 90.0% and 93.3%, 78.5%); anti-hnRNP (74.9%, 61.9% and 71.4%, 70.9%) and GPI (77.3%, 76.7% and 84.4%, 80.1%), respectively. This study confirms the importance of measuring multiple serum biomarkers and their combinations as having a high diagnostic value for RA which provides support for the early diagnosis the disease.