KLASIFIKASI TINGKAT KEKERINGAN PADA DAERAH ALIRAN SUNGAI (DAS) LIMBOTO (Classification Of Drought Level In Limboto Watershed)

Abstract

Changes in land use are the socioeconomic forces that most encourage changes and ecosystem degradation. Disruption of the hydrological cycle has caused "3 T" classic problems of water "too much (which causes flooding)," too little (which causes drought) and "too dirty (which causes water pollution). Based on data from BNPB in 1979-2009 there were 8 drought events in Gorontalo Province. This research was carried out in the Limboto Watershed with an area of 86412.6 ha. The method used is the SWAT Method (Soil and Water Assessment Tool) using ArcSwat software that integrates GIS. This research is included in non-experimental research that is by using direct observation in the field. Input of SWAT data include slope, land cover type, climate, and soil type. The analysis used in determining the vulnerability of the watershed to drought is to use the Soil Moisture Deficit Index (SMDI) through the Soil Water (SW) parameter. In this study the use of SWAT model output through ArcSwat, has been able to describe the condition of water supply in the Limboto watershed, which as a whole has been included in the "Vulnerable" category. By comparing the area that experienced drought before and after simulation / running land use directives, it can be concluded that the difference in the area of the watershed that experiences drought with the "Vulnerable" classification is obtained 37,513.1 ha or a decrease of 43.4% from watershed area.