A educação na perspectiva marxista: Uma abordagem baseada em Marx e Gramsci

Abstract

The objective of this article is to discuss the humanistic principles of education inherent to Marx's and Gramsci's writing. According to both authors, the real conditions of existence organized by men for their subsistence provide the premises on which humanistic education is based. Indeed, men engage in certain kinds of social relations of production that play a double transformative role of humanizing nature and men themselves at the same time. In a society founded on the principle of private propriety of the means of production, this process of humanization is interrupted by man's alienation with respect to the objects he himself produces. In sum the complete man (omnilateral), educated in the arts of doing (non-alienated labor) and speaking (emancipation policy), will only emerge historically in socialist society, marked by the absence of private propriety of the means of production. However, the premises for his emergence have already been laid down within the sphere of capitalist society.