¿DÓNDE EMIGRARON LOS MEJORES EMPLEOS? EL IMPACTO LABORAL DE LAS CADENAS GLOBALES DE VALOR Y EL CAMBIO TECNOLÓGICO

Abstract

Offshoring has become a distinctive characteristic of the deep transformation observed by global economy in recent decades. This process of growing productive disintegration is closely related to a digital technological change which is opening a new stage for economic globalization. In this context, it is highly relevant to understand the differences in the distribution and specialization patterns between emerging economies and the most advanced countries that become part of global value chains. From the information provided by the WIOD project, we have analyzed the evolution of added value, labour productivity, capital intensity and the level and composition of employment. The results show how the acceleration of technological progress has induced a sensitive modification of production technologies, changes in the capacity to domestically create and retain incomes, a growing role of capital earnings and an outstanding asymmetry in the opportunities of employment, according to labour qualification. (English) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]