Artificial nests conserve important native bees, Braunsapis spp. pollinating cashew

Abstract

Native bees, Braunsapis picitarsis Cameron and Braunsapis mixta (Smith) are the common pollinators of cashew. Occupancy of both bee species was recorded within 15 days of installation of artificial nests made in wooden blocks as well as sticks of different plant species. Increased occupancy of bees in all nest holes was seen over time. Nest hole size of 3 mm diameter was highly preferred followed by 2.5 and 3.5 mm diameter. Out of total nests occupied, 80% and 14.71% were of 3 and 2.5 mm diameter hole size respectively, in the first year. During the second and third years also, higher occupancy was recorded in 3 mm diameter holes. The nests also assisted in recording the nesting behaviour and natural enemies of these bees.