Trends of the epidemiology of Candidemia in Switzerland: A 15-year FUNGINOS survey

Abstract

Background: The increasing incidence of candidemia and emergence of drug-resistant Candida species are major concerns worldwide. Long-term surveillance studies are needed. Methods: The Fungal Infection Network of Switzerland (FUNGINOS) conducted a 15-year (2004-2018), nationwide, epidemiological study of candidemia. Hospital-based incidence of candidemia, Candida species distribution, antifungal susceptibility, and consumption were stratified in 3 periods (2004-2008, 2009-2013, 2014-2018). Population-based incidence over the period 2009-2018 derived from the Swiss Antibiotic Resistance Surveillance System (ANRESIS). Results: A total of 2273 Candida blood isolates were studied. Population and hospital-based annual incidence of candidemia increased from 2.96 to 4.20/100 000 inhabitants (P =. 022) and 0.86 to 0.99/10 000 patient-days (P =. 124), respectively. The proportion of Candida albicans decreased significantly from 60% to 53% (P =. 0023), whereas Candida glabrata increased from 18% to 27% (P