Metal-Organic Frameworks: Synthesis and Applications

Abstract

Applied crystal engineering for synthesis and fabrication of large molecules networks via covalent bonding has been directed to construct diamond-like pattern structures known as Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs). MOFs or Porous Coordination Polymers (PCPs) represent a new class of porous materials, composed of central metal ions (clusters) and organic linkers. The metal site and the organic part are strong bonds in a large organized 1D, 2D, or 3D crystalline structures. Their fascinating properties, such as synthetic versatility, large surface area, tunable functionality, high pore volume along uniformly porous morphology make them the ideal candidate for advanced materials applications. Recently, the development of the chemical synthesis and protocols for incorporating single metal sites with different organic units formation and properties led to the discovery of new MOFs-based materials with a tailored network structure, geometrical order, and properties such as magnetic-MOF (MMOF) or core-shell-MOF (MOF@MOF). These new MOF materials have tremendous potential in gas separation, catalysis, biotechnology, and environmental science applications. Therefore, this chapter aims to study the aspect of advanced MOF chemistry, the layout of the recent development, and its prospective applications and utilization.