Trends and Associations with PrEP Prescription Among 602 New York City (NYC) Ambulatory Care Practices, 2014–2016

Abstract

Background. Concern over equitable access to HIV preexposure prophylaxis (PREP) informs comprehensive scale-up efforts in New York City (NYC). We examined trends plus patient and practice factors associated with PrEP prescribing by NYC ambulatory care practices. Methods. We queried electronic health records (EHR) from Q1 2014 to Q2 2016 using the NYC Health Department's "Hub." Data from 602 practices were aggregated quarterly by patient factors, including age (18-29, 30-100); sex (male, female); and race/ethnicity (Asian, Black, Hispanic, White, other, missing). Practice factors included location (Manhattan, other); type (community health center [CHC], hospital, independent); number of infectious disease (ID) specialists; and proportion of patients (ranked by quartile) from high poverty neighborhoods (ZIP codes in which ≥20% of residents live below the federal poverty level). PrEP prescription was defined as tenofo-vir/emtricitabine prescription without other antiretrovirals or diagnoses of HIV, HIV-related opportunistic infections or hepatitis B. Rates were calculated per 105 patients seen. We used generalized estimating equations clustered by practice to examine trends overall and by sex, as well as associations among males. Factors and time interactions that were significant (P < 0.05) in bivariate analysis were assessed for inclusion in the final model. Results. Overall, PrEP prescription rose from 38.9 per105 in Q1 2014 to 418.5 per105 in Q2 2016, a 976% increase. Increases were significant for both sexes (P