Skin bruising, adrenal function and markers of bone metabolism in asthmatics using inhaled beclomethasone and fluticasone

Abstract

Fluticasone propionate (FP) is generally considered to have twice the efficacy of beclomethasone dipropionate (BDP) on a weight-to-weight basis for the control of asthma, and may have lesser effects on adrenal function. However, the effects of FP and BDP on skin integrity and bone metabolism markers require further examination. Sixty-nine asthmatic subjects were enrolled in a double-blind crossover study in which, after a baseline period, they received BDP or FP (at half the dose of BDP) for two 4-month periods each. A questionnaire on skin bruising, a skin examination, tests of adrenal function and of markers of bone metabolism were performed after 2 months of each period. The number of asthma exacerbations was not significantly different for the two treatment periods (eight for BDP and nine for FP), nor were various indices of asthma control. Whereas the frequency of bruising reported by the questionnaire was not different, there were more bruises on examination for BDP (1.6±2.5) than for FP(1.2±2.3) (p=0.04). Although baseline serum cortisol was not significantly different for the two drugs, the increase in cortisol after cortrosyn was lower for BDP (357±158 μmol·dL-1) than for FP (422±144 μmol·dL-1) (p<0.01). Serum osteocalcin levels were significantly lower in subject on BDP (2.8±1.7 μg·mL-1) than on FP (3.5±1.9 ng·mL-1) (p=0.003). Other markers of bone metabolism were not significantly altered. The three major side-effects were loosely, but significantly correlated with the periods on BDP and FP. However, skin bruises, increase in cortisol after Cortrosyn and osteocalcin were not significantly correlated for the period on either BDP or FP. In conclusion, whereas fluticasone propionate used at half the dose of beclomethasone dipropionate has a comparable effect on the control of asthma, fluticasone propionate demonstrated fewer side-effects in terms of skin bruising, adrenal suppression and bone metabolism.