Approach of the early sufis from 10th Century to 12th century towards “SAMA”

Abstract

Sama is very important and fascinating practice of Sufism. Many of the early Sufis of the tenth to twelfth centuries were firm advocates of the Sama. They tried their best to prove that Sama is Islamic. For them Sama is one of the key modes for obtaining the divine union, solace and spiritual realization. This article is an attempt to shed light on the authenticity and validity of Sama as presented the writings of the leading Sufis of the tenth to twelfth centuries. This article will also explore the different degrees of Sama. It will discuss the activities and features which (according to the early Sufis of tenth to twelfth centuries) make Sama unlawful, and also explore the response of the same Sufis toward the neophytes, novices or common people who indulged in Sama.