The Development of LGBTQ Other Group Orientation and Its Relation to Psychological and Social Well-Being Among Cisgender Heterosexual Adolescents

Abstract

Introduction: Given the marked rise in the number of adolescents openly identifying as lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer/questioning (LGBTQ), there are more opportunities for peer interactions and friendships between cisgender heterosexual and LGBTQ adolescents. Yet, little is known about the development of cisgender heterosexual adolescents' openness toward engaging with LGBTQ individuals and how this relates to their own well-being. The present study seeks to address these gaps. Methods: This study examined the developmental trajectory of LGBTQ other group orientation (openness and willingness to engage with LGBTQ individuals) and its effect on the psychological and social well-being of cisgender heterosexual adolescents from Grade 9 through Grade 10, measured across five time points. The sample consisted of 287 cisgender heterosexual adolescents (Mage = 14.07, SD = 0.42; 43.90% boys, 56.10% girls) from the United States. Results and Conclusion: Results revealed small increases in LGBTQ other group orientation over time, suggesting that participants developed a more positive orientation toward LGBTQ peers as they transitioned through their first year and a half of high school. Furthermore, increases in LGBTQ other group orientation were positively associated with increases in social well-being but not psychological well-being. These findings indicate that increased LGBTQ other group orientation can contribute to enhanced social well-being for cisgender heterosexual adolescents, highlighting the importance of fostering inclusive environments that promote positive intergroup relations.