Estrategias de control de Moniliophthora roreri y Moniliophthora perniciosa en Theobroma cacao L.: Revisión sistemática

Abstract

One of the most important limitations of cocoa production worldwide is primarily diseases caused by the pathogenic fungi of the genus Moniliophthora sp., especially, Moniliophthora roreri and Moniliophthora perniciosa, causing moniliasis and the witches' broom disease, respectively; both diseases are highly invasive and endemic in cocoa. The objective of this study was to describe the control strategies that can be used to handle the moniliasis and witches' broom diseases. This study was conducted in accordance with the Prisma (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) statement, for which a systematic literature search in the ScienceDirect, Springer Link and Scopus databases was used. Original investigation articles over the last 12 years were included, inclusion and exclusion criteria were also applied. In countries like Brazil and Costa Rica, the year with most reports of related articles was 2008. The most used strategies for the disease control are the phytosanitation, the copper-based fungicides and biologic agents control of fungus and bacteria, specially, Trichoderma sp. and Bacillus sp. One of the most recommended methodologies on the studied articles was the optimization of treatments employing the combination of physical, biological and chemical agents.