Incidence of Soybean mosaic virus on soybean in Southeast Sulawesi

Abstract

There are several mosaic diseases commonly found on soybeans in Indonesia, including Southeast Sulawesi, which are thought to be caused by viruses. Mosaic disease caused by Soybean mosaic virus (SMV) is considered as important disease. The purpose of this study was to determine the incidence of mosaic diseases, to detect SMV and to identify potential insect vectors. Field survey were conducted in several soybean production areas including Konawe, South Konawe and Kolaka. Virus detection was carried out by serological techniques using DAS-ELISA. Based on symptom observation, mosaic disease was found in all locations with incidence ranged from 38.46 to 64.00%. Variation of mosaic symptoms were recorded, involving yellow mosaic, mosaic with vein clearing, leaf cupping, curling, thickening and some chlorosis. According to DAS-ELISA, only 2.92 to 8.00% of field samples gave positive reaction to SMV antibody. This result indicated that other viruses might be associated with mosaic disease. Common virus insects vectors were found in the field, namely Aphis gossypii, Empoasca paraterminalis, and Bemisia tabaci.