Systematic Literature Review: Analisis Jenis, Pengaruh dan Tantangan dalam Penggunaan Media Pembelajaran Konkret untuk Menunjang Efektivitas Pembelajaran Tematik di Sekolah Dasar

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the types, effects, and challenges of using concrete learning media in thematic learning at the elementary school level. Using a Systematic Literature Review approach to 20 articles that met the inclusion criteria by searching for published research results in online journals, using the Publish or Perish search engine through Google Scholar, in accordance with the established inclusion criteria. The results of the study show that (1) Various types of concrete media, such as physical props, real objects, three-dimensional models, educational comics, and learning games, can create contextual, enjoyable learning experiences and increase students' interest and understanding, (2) The consistent use of these media has a positive impact on learning outcomes, with reported increases in student engagement and achievement ranging from 30% to 60%. One study even noted an increase in student activity from 56% to 96% after the implementation of concrete media, (3) However, its implementation still faces various challenges such as time constraints, limited resources, varying levels of teacher and student readiness, and difficulties in managing large classes. Therefore, thorough planning, ongoing teacher training, and adequate institutional support are essential to optimize the integration of concrete media in enhancing the effectiveness of thematic learning in elementary schools.