Review—High Field Modulated FET Biosensors for Biomedical Applications

Abstract

© The Author(s) 2018. Published by ECS. In here, we have reviewed the major FET sensor methodologies developed for biosensing applications. Each of the methodologies offer different approaches to mitigate the effects of charge screening in high ionic strength solutions.We focus in detail on the study of high field gated FET biosensors developed to directly detect target analytes in physiological salt environments, without extensive sample pre-treatments. Several biomedical applications are illustrated in this review cum original research article, such as protein detection in buffer/serum/whole blood, nucleotide detection in buffer, whole cell-based sensor and characterization of biological tissues. The mechanism of detection beyond Debye length in high ionic strength solutions is investigated. The integrated portable biosensor system developed based on the high field gated FET biosensor demonstrates potential for clinical applications in point of care and home-care diagnostics.