Implementation of Enhanced Spray Routing Protocol for VDTN On Surabaya Smart City Scenario

Abstract

The application of smart-city, which promises better city management in helping to improve people's quality of life, is still inhibited due to the high cost of infrastructure investment. In several Smart cities, it takes at least $ 30-40 billion to convert a conventional town into a smart city, Include for Data collection infrastructure, i.e., cellular data subscription and WiFi Infrastructure. Alternatively, low-power wide-area networks (LPWAN) could be considered, but it needs more bandwidth to serve data transmission in a smart city. Vehicle Delay Tolerant Network (VDTN) is one part of DTN that employs vehicles as a communication infrastructure that allows communication in challenging conditions and could make it an alternative network for Data Collection in Smart City. This paper proposes a Surabaya Smart City scenario with VDTN as a data collection. The scenario consists of 40 wireless sensors and 50 to 200 vehicles (car and bus) with 5 Road Side Units that forward data from the sensor to the monitoring server. Furthermore, to increase the VDTN performance, we improve our proposed routing protocol, Spray and Hop Distance (SNHD), with two sprays method (Adaptive and Simple) and multiple sources and destinations data collection support. The evaluation was done by simulation-based comparison with an increase in the number of vehicles to determine the impact of vehicle density on data collection performance in terms of delivery probability, Latency Average, and Overhead Ratio. Based on the simulation results, the simple spray method in SNHD and A-SNHD outperformed the well-known VDTN routing protocol, i.e., Epidemic and Spray and Wait. Moreover, when the number of cars is increased from 50 to 200, the performance of VDTN does not increase significantly as network density increases. It means that VDTN only requires a small number of vehicles for use as a low-cost alternative network for smart city. We also evaluate the impact of data size on the performance of all routing protocols in general.