The locomotory characteristics of Caenorhabditis elegans in various external environments: A review

Abstract

Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) is a one-millimeter-long roundworm used as a laboratory animal in biological and behavioral research. It has 302 neurons which have been studied extensively, and their connectivity has been mapped comprehensively. It is a model animal that exhibits interesting behavior and has a neurological system that is easily accessible. The nematode has proven to be a good model for understanding the adaptation of animals moving on soft surfaces. This simple organism found in nature can detect its nutrient, bacteria very efficiently and distinguish between pathogenic and non-pathogenic strains. The environment in which the animal thrives strongly influences its locomotory and food-finding behavior. Thus, understanding the behavior of such undulating creatures in varied environments is crucial in biological research. This paper presents a detailed assessment of recent research on the behavior of C. elegans in the various external environment. It includes details of the C. elegans response to a variety of environmental stimuli, including chemical, mechanical, thermal, and electrical stimuli, as well as existing models and research on the worms’ behavior. The essential physical theories behind C. elegans locomotion is explained in different environments in this review. It also highlights numerous types of behavioral plasticity and learning in C. elegans that have previously been observed. This review on C. elegans locomotion and behavior in a complex environment will lead to a better understanding of drug screening and genetic applications involving the organism.