Analysis of Damage to Residential Buildings Due to Ground Movement Resulting from Man-Made Excavation in Soil Swelling Potential Zone

Abstract

Sometimes, an activity of open excavation for the basement area of a new infrastructure does not pay attention to the environmental, geological, and geotechnical aspects. The excavation performed on the soil with swelling potential will involve problems during construction implementation. The wrong standard operational procedures will result in environmental damage, including buildings around the construction site. One case occurs in Cikarang, West Java, and is a subject of this study. This research aims to use geotechnical and geosurvey methods to determine the causes of damage in residential areas due to the construction of basement areas in new hotels. The results study found the reduction of a factor of safety (FS) before the excavation process was between 1.20 to 1.40, and after the excavation existed at 0.70 to 0.80. From the field observation, data studied from field and laboratory geotechnical data, and some analysis using the geotechnical software, the damage was caused by the ground movement during the excavation process in the soil with swelling potential. Intensive analysis shows that the deformation due to ground movement reached 3.0 - 9.0 mm using the geotechnical method, close to the actual measurement using the geosurveying method. The final condition is unstable, and some effort is required to recondition.