EVALUATION OF ANTI-BACTERIAL, ANTIOXIDANT, ANTI-INFLAMMATORY AND CYTOTOXICITY POTENTIAL OF MOUTH RINSE CONTAINING PIPER BETEL ESSENTIAL OIL

Abstract

Piper betel Linn is considered to possess important medicinal values. Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (M.I.C) of Piper betel oil was determined against common periodontal pathogens- Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella intermedia. Using the M.I.C. results a mouthwash was formulated in three concentrations namely-0.1%, 0.3% and 0.5%. Present in vitro study was conducted to evaluate antibacterial potential of different concentrations of mouthwash against previously mentioned periodontal pathogens by determination of minimum inhibitory concentrations (M.I.C). Antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and cytotoxicity potential was also determined for the same. Antibacterial potential was determined using Disc diffusion test and Broth Microdilution method. Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential was determined by measurement of superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity using riboflavin-NBT assay and detection of Matrix Metallo Proteinase (MMP) -2 and MMP-9 by gelatin zymography method respectively. Cytotoxicity potential was determined using MTT cytotoxicity assay. All three concentrations of mouthwash showed effective antibacterial, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential. Cytotoxicity result showed viable cells indicating non-toxic nature of all three mouthwashes. Mouthwash containing Piper betel essential oil possesses effective antibacterial, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential and could be used effectively as an oral care agent.