Identification of polyphenolic compounds and hepatoprotective activity of artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.) edible part extracts in rats

Abstract

Chemical Analysis of edible parts (fleshy receptacle, inner bracts) of artichoke (Cynara scolymus L., Asteraceae) are identified by using high-performance liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC/ESI-MS) method, the overall polyphenolic constituents demonstrated profiling flavonoids as, luteolin, luteolin-Oglycoside and luteolin-7-O-rutinoside, apigenin. The hydroxycinnamic derivatives detected in this work belong to mono- and di-caffeoylquinic acid compounds assigned as quinic acid and chlorogenoquinone, chlorogenic acid and neochlorogenic acids, gallic acid, dicaffeoylquinic acid, vanillic acid, syringic acid, p-coumaric acid, caffeic acid, cynarin, ferulic acid, tannic acid were investigated. This study aimed to elucidate the synergistic effect and the role of artichoke extract (receptacle and bracts)for treatment of Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).The hepatocarcinogenesis was induced by Thioacetamide (TAA) the results showed that TAA caused liver damage as proved by significant increase in Liver enzyme markers serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alkaline phosphatase along with total protein (TP) levels activities, The levels of total bilirubin (T-Bil) activity showed significant decrease in serum content of bilirubin and marked significant increase in albumin content. Also, induced oxidative stress as pointed out an increase in Metalloproteinase (MMP-3, MMP-9 and MMP-12) activities compared with the control values. Treatment with artichoke significantly reduced the elevation in liver enzymes and oxidative stress; it also induced apoptosis by inhibition of metalloproteinase compared to HCC group.