FEATURES OF KYIV MODERN

Abstract

The article highlights the peculiarities of Kyiv Art Nouveau, its characteristic features, poetics and symbolism of architectural and decorative facades. The compositional construction of facades in the Art Nouveau style of buildings of the late 19th and early 20th centuries was considered, as well as the connection of the composition of the facade with the composition of architectural details and their placement on the facade. The problem of violation of the compositional integrity of the facades due to destruction, unsuccessful repairs and renovations was revealed. Facades of the Art Nouveau style, as well as facades of other styles of the late 19th and early 20th centuries. have mainly uniaxial, biaxial and triaxial composite facade construction schemes. The axes are distinguished by risalites, bay windows, attics, towers, and often changed scale and shape of windows. Symbolic decorative plastic is concentrated on the compositional axes, at the level of the first and last floors, woven into the structure of portals and attics. On facades in the Art Nouveau style, which mainly have an asymmetric composition with a two-axis facade construction scheme, symbolic decorative plastic is often found on the left compositional axis at the level of the second and last floors. The scientific novelty and practical significance of the research lies in the identification of the features of the architectural and decorative plasticity of the facades of Kyiv's modern-style buildings, as well as in the detailed analysis of the compositional structure and semantic component of the facades of this style. The research will contribute to the deepening of theoretical and practical knowledge about the peculiarities of Kyiv modernism, which can be used in the restoration and reconstruction of building facades of the late 19th and early 20th centuries.