A Review of Theory on Forestry Politics in New Order Indonesia

Abstract

Political control was an enduring characteristic in New Order Indonesia. From the time following the 1965 coup, through to the brutal end of the New Order era in 1998, President Soeharto and his New Order government first tamed and then controlled Indonesian society. Because of this overarching political strategy, orthodox political analysis during that time assumes a de-politicised amorphous civil society that precludes successful constituency politics. This paper presents a review of that literature and then moves on to present evidence of the existence and successful engagement of constituencies in the policy making processes.