The European Nucleotide Ar c hiv e in 2023

Abstract

The European Nucleotide Archive (ENA; https:// www.ebi.ac.uk/ ena ) is maintained by the European Molecular Biology Laboratory's European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI). The ENA is one of the three members of the International Nucleotide Sequence Database Collaboration (INSDC). It serves the bioinformatics community worldwide via the submission, processing,ãrchivingãnd dissemination of sequence data. The ENA supports data types ranging from raw reads, throughãlignmentsãndãssemblies to functionalãnnotãtion. The datã is enriched with conte xtual inf ormation relating to samplesãnd experimental configurations. In thisãrticle, we describe recent progressãnd impro v ements to ENA services. In particular, we focus upon threeãreas of work in 2023: FAIRness of ENA data, pandemic preparednessãnd foundational technology. For FAIRness, we have introduced minimal requirements for spatiotemporalãnnotation, createdã metãdatã-based classification system, incorporated third party metadata curations withãrchived records,ãnd developedã new rapid visualisation platform, the ENA Notebooks. For foundational enhancements, we have improved the INSDC data exchangeãnd synchronisation pipelines,ãnd in v ested in site reliability engineering for ENA infrastr uct ure. In order to support genomic surveillance efforts, we have continued to provide ENA services in support of SARS-CoV-2 data mobilisationãnd haveãdapted these for broader pathogen surveillance efforts.