Anomia in left hemisphere stroke, multiple sclerosis and Parkinson’s disease–a comparative study

Abstract

Purpose: To explore quantitative and qualitative features of anomia in participants with left-hemisphere stroke, Parkinson’s disease, or multiple sclerosis. Materials and methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study compares signs of anomia within and across participants (n = 87), divided into four groups; moderate to severe anomia after stroke (MSAS, n = 19), mild anomia after stroke (MAS, n = 22), PD (n = 19) and MS (n = 27). Aspects analysed include naming accuracy and speed, the nature of incorrect responses, semantic and phonemic verbal fluency, information content in re-telling, and the relationship between test results and self-reports on word-finding difficulties and communicative participation. Results: All groups had impaired verbal fluency, prolonged response times and reduced information content in re-telling. The MSAS group had significantly more signs of anomia than the other groups. Results from the other groups overlapped on a MAS—PD—MS continuum. Both semantically and phonologically incorrect responses were common in the stroke groups, while semantically incorrect ones predominated in the PD and MS groups. All four groups reported a similar negative impact on self-perceived communicative participation. Correlations between self-reports and test results were inconsistent. Conclusions: Anomia features have quantitative and qualitative similarities and differences across neurological conditions.