Detection of drought area using greening index and wetness index in Sukaresmi Subdistrict, Regency Cianjur, West Java

Abstract

Drought is a natural disaster that reduces the supply of water in the atmosphere or on the ground, causing plants cannot grow normally. Drought is causing the decrease of plantation and harvest area, productivity, and quality of agricultural products. Sukaresmi Subdistrict, Cianjur Regency is depending on agricultural sector and has the risk of loss from drought. This research aims to detect spatial and temporal of drought areas and to analyze drought areas according to the physical condition of the land (altitude, slope, soil type, and land use) in Sukaresmi Subdistrict. This research uses Landsat 8 OLI imagery data from July-September 2013 and June-August 2017 analyzed by Normalization of Differences Vegetation Index (NDVI) and Tasseled Cap Transformation (TCT). Overlay of the moderate, high, and very high drought classes in the same year will generate drought areas that overlap each year. Drought areas during 2013 and 2017 are 726 hectares or 8% of the total Sukaresmi Subdistrict area, dominates the Kawang Luwuk Village and Cibadak Village in the western part of Sukaresmi Subdistrict. Mostly, drought areas located in paddy field land use (322.18 hectares); brown latosol soil type (447.85 hectares); and altitude of 500-1000 msl (624.1 hectares).