Adsorption of dyes using natural minerals: A review

Abstract

Adsorption is an effective and widely technique used for separating many pollutants from wastewater. Pollution of water with color materials such as dyes is of environmental concern due to their toxicity and cause carcinogenic effects on human and aquatic life. These dyes are presented into the water bodies from the effluence of several industries such as textile, paints, cosmetics, paper, food, and others causing water pollution. Adsorption technique using low cost adsorbents has gained a lot of attraction of many researchers for years. The purpose of the present study is to investigate using natural minerals as inexpensive adsorbents for removal of dyes from wastewater. This investigation can be made by reviewing the major topic research that applying natural mineral materials as cheap adsorbents for treating of colored wastewater. Natural materials such as vermiculite, sepiolite, montmorillonite, kaolinite, perlite, diatomite, zeolite, and others, are categorized as permeable minerals, multilayer minerals and other based on structural properties. These adsorbents can be used as is or changed to enhance adsorption properties.