A “V”-Shaped Intraoral Lipoma on the Floor of the Mouth: A Case Report

Abstract

A benign soft tissue tumor of mature fat cells is called a lipoma (adipocytes). Lipoma can develop anywhere on the body, although it is uncommon in the mouth. Lipomas that are superficially positioned are often yellowish in color, painless, soft, and non-fluctuating with a thin epithelial surface. As a result, a delicate pattern of blood vessels is frequently seen on the surface. Deeper lesions might not exhibit this finding and, as a result, are not as clinically recognized. Since the patients do not report any subjective clinical symptoms, the dentist often diagnoses such lipomas by accident. Deep-seated lipomas require specialist imaging procedures, such as contrast-enhanced computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, or ultrasound to determine their extent. Lipomas can range in size from tiny to large to enormous. Large lipomas typically feature a "slip sign" and a nodular surface. Giant-sized lipomas can have a diameter of up to 10 cm. Lipomas can be single or multicellular. Dercum's disease, Proteus syndrome, neurofibromatosis, and familial adenomatosis polyposis all exhibit lipomas in various locations. The preferred course of treatment for these oral lipomas is surgical removal. Such lipomas do not recur again. Lipoma comes in a number of tiny varieties. The traditional description is of a well-defined tumor made up of lobules of uniformly sized and shaped mature fat cells. The term "fibrolipoma" refers to lipomas that contain a sizable amount of fibrous connective tissue, "angiolipoma" refers to lipomas that contain numerous tiny blood vessels, "myxolipoma" refers to lipomas with a background of myxoid cells, and "spindle cell lipoma" refers to lipomas that contain a mixture of uniform spindle cells. When compared to a pleomorphic liposarcoma, the pleomorphic lipoma exhibits spindle cells and strange, hyperchromatic large cells, making it challenging for the pathologist to tell them apart. An intramuscular lipoma is a lipoma that invades skeletal muscle bundles. Because they are harder to entirely eradicate, intramuscular lipomas are more likely to reoccur.