Desarrollo de un ensayo por minisecuenciación de ocho SNP asociados a producción láctea

Abstract

High production levels achieved in animal exploitation is due largely to the selection work that has developed in the main species of economic interest. The use of the molecular information in the programs of assisted selection has opened a big field in the animal improvement. The methodology for the simultaneous genoptyping of the genes that encode the six major milk proteins, growth hormone and bovine prolactin is described. Three techniques were used for genotyping: restriction enzyme digestion, sequencing and minisequencing to determine SNPs (Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms), where the first two were used as control to the results of minisequencing. This latter methodology enables the automation of analysis, simultaneous work with several samples and ten or more markers in a single reaction. It was found that the genes encoding for αs 2-casein and prolactin behaved as monomorphic. For the αs 1-casein the alleles B andC were identified; in the β-casein the alleles A and B were identified; on the other hand for the kcasein the alleles A and B were the observed ones. In the α-lactoalbumin and β-lactoglobulin the alleles A and B were identified, moreover for the growth hormone, alleles L and V were observed. In all cases the most frequent alleles are the described ones. It was confirmed that the minisequencing technique simplifies the analysis and it is useful for the molecular characterization focused a future targeted molecular markerassisted selection.